Isolation of a High Antioxidant Non-Toxic Polar Fraction from Garcinia mangostana Fruit Pericarp by Reverse Phase Column Chromatography

The crude polar extract of mangosteen fruit pericarp not only has a moderate antioxidant activity (55±4 μg/mL) but also high cytotoxicity (16±0.5 μg/mL). presumably is caused by the presence complex cytotoxic compounds from pericarp. To obtain non-toxic preparation with activity, 50% ethanol extracts were partially purified using reverse-phase column chromatography Silica C18 as stationary phase and acetonitrile-water gradient elution. Six ten fractions collected had activities, IC50 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging levels <50 μg/mL. Three (fractions 3, 5, 7) highest activities (16.4 ± 0.6 µg/mL), (17.8 2 µg/mL) (17.4 1.8 respectively, chosen for further cytotoxicity, phenolic content High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. tests conducted Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay. Fraction 3 low (LC50 485 96 fraction 5 was ≥ 1000 while 7 still 2.8 0.8 µg/mL). chromatogram profiles HPLC showed that contained more than present in 7. It can be concluded reverse method succeeded isolation fraction, is, significantly higher (p<0.05) original extracts. This total 43.3 0.3 g GAE per 100 extract.